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Sep 28 2013 there is not a universal classification of coalevery country has its own classification main categories peatlignitebituminousanthracite on the basis of their important properties they are classified like energy value of coalcarbon
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Development of coal classification are described in this section the properties of coal chemical physical mechanical and petrographic are used as classification parameters or the fixed carbon content but also the calorific value should be used as a classification parameter this
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Bituminous coal the most abundant form of coal intermediate in rank between subbituminous coal and anthracite according to the coal classification used in the united states and canada in britain bituminous coal is commonly called steam coal and in germany the term steinkohle rock coal is
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Coal classification based on maceral content and its appearance in a hand specimen coal is classified into four principal types clarain durain fusain and vitrain coal may also be classified in grades using subjective terms eg lowsulfur coal highash coal with reference to
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Based on that ratio and assuming complete combustion 1 pound of carbon combines with 2667 pounds of oxygen to produce 3667 pounds of carbon dioxide for example coal with a carbon content of 78 percent and a heating value of 14000 btu per pound emits about 2043 pounds of carbon dioxide per million btu when completely burned
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Anthracite coal is very shiny hard black coal high carbon content and energy density repels moisture for domestic industrial uses including smokeless fuel bituminous coal is softer and shiny moisture content is 8 20 possible for coking coals volatile matter from 16 40 can be used for thermal or metallurgical applications subbituminous coal is soft and black with energy
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Coal comes in four main types or ranks lignite or brown coal bituminous coal or black coal anthracite and graphite each type of coal has a certain set of physical parameters which are mostly controlled by moisture volatile content in terms of aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons and carbon content
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The four recognized ranks of coal in the us classification scheme are anthracite bituminous coal subbituminous coal and lignite in the united states coal rank is classified according to its heating value its fixed carbon and volatile matter content and to some extent its caking characteristics during combustion
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Jul 11 2013 coal classification 13 classification based on proximate analysis moisture volatile matter ash fixed carbon content play the role of criteria fuel ratio which is fixed carbonvolatile matter is used most 1 rogers classification in 1858 he divided coals into 4 groups on basis of age v mash
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Coal washing strategies used in canada and in china coal classification by rank comparison the coal classification employed in canada is the astm ranking system that is based on the fixed carbon and calorific value on the dry mineral matter free basis dmmf this system was adopted in 1938 and is a general guideline to classify different coal ranks
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Discussion classification is made on the basis of analysis of coal in accordance with table 1 the rank of coal can be used to infer the approximate dry mineralmatterfree heat value fixed carbon and volatile matter in a coal because the amounts of the constituents vary little within each coal rank
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Anthracite is the most mature coal and thus has the highest carbon content of any type of coal it is frequently used for home heating and accounting for about 1 percent of the worlds total coal reserves represents a very small portion of the overall market
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Anthracite is the highest rank of coal it has a carbon content of over 87 on a dry ashfree basis anthracite coal generally has the highest heating value per ton on a mineralmatterfree basis it is often subdivided into semianthracite anthracite and metaanthracite on the basis of carbon content
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Glossary of coal classification system and supplementary terms medium and lowvolatile bituminous coal groups on the basis of increasing heat content and fixed carbon and decreasing volatile matter see table 1 bone coal or bone impure coal that contains much clay or other finegrained detrital mineral matter astm 1981 d2796 p
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Coal is a sedimentary rock made predominantly of carbon that can be burned for fuel coal is readily combustible black or brownishblack and has a composition that including inherent moisture consists of more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material
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Anthracite coal is very shiny hard black coal high carbon content and energy density repels moisture for domestic industrial uses including smokeless fuel bituminous coal is softer and shiny moisture content is 8 20 possible for coking coals volatile matter from 16 40 can be used for thermal or metallurgical applications subbituminous coal is soft and black with energy
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The chemical composition of coal has a strong influence on its combustibility chemical and physical properties of coal the chemical properties of coal refer to the various elemental chemical constituents such as carbon hydrogen oxygen and sulphur the physical properties of coal include the heating value moisture content volatile matter and ash
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Ultimate analysis of coal carbon and hydrogen are the principal combustible elements in coal on a weight basis carbon is the predominant one it constitutes about 60 to about 95 of the total for most coals of 90 or less carbon hydrogen content is generally in the range of 5 it drops to about 2 for coals having 95 carbon nitrogen
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Jul 15 2019 metallurgical coal metallurgical coal differs from thermal coal which is used for energy and heating by its carbon content and its caking ability caking refers to the coals ability to be converted into coke a pure form of carbon that can be used in basic oxygen furnaces
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Coal classification it is a hard product that is defined by amts as containing more than 86 percent fixed carbon and less than 14 percent volatile matter anthracite which is also termed hard coal burns with a smokeless blue flame that gives off intense heat
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Classification of coal lignite or brown coal the second stage with 30 per cent to 40 per cent carbon content bituminous coal the third stage with 40 per cent to 80 per cent carbon content anthracite the fourth stage with 90 per cent carbon content and graphite probably the last stage with 99 per cent carbon content and can never be used as a fuel
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Anthracite coal is a dense hard rock with a jet black color metallic luster lignite coal or brown coal is a very soft coal that contains up to 70 water by weight carbon forms more than 50 by weight more than 70 by volume of coal this includes inherent moisture
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